Object Metadata
Septimius Severus and his army defeat the army of Pescennius Niger in battle at Issus.

Related Conflict :Second Battle of Issus
Perpetrator (Group) :
  • Roman Army of Septimius Severus Origin: Mixed, Age: adult, Activity: soldier, Direct Consequence: victory
  •  
    Victim (Person) :
  • Gaius Pescennius Niger Origin: Roman, Age: adult, Activity: monarch/ruler, Reaction: flight
  • Victim (Group) :
  • Roman Army of Pescennius Niger Origin: Mixed, Age: adult, Activity: soldier, Reaction: flight, Direct Consequence: losses
  •  
    Third Party (Person) :
  • Lucius Septimius Severus Origin: Roman, Age: adult, Activity: monarch/ruler
  •  
    Level :intrasocial
    Source :Herodian, History of the Empire after Marcus Aurelius 3.4.4-5 Paste CTS-Link
    Location :Issos (Yeşil Hüyük)
    Time Periode :Roman Empire
    Century :A.D. 2
    Year :A.D. 194
     
    Context :war/military campaign
    battle
    Motivation :tactical/strategical
    Long-Term Consequence :retreat
    death
     
    Original Text :προθυμίᾳ δὴ πάσῃ ἐνέπιπτον ὡς ὑπολειπομένης καὶ τελευταίας ἐκείνης μάχης, κἀκεῖ τῆς τύχης διακρινούσης τὸν βασιλέα. ἐπὶ πολὺ δὲ αὐτῶν διαγωνισαμένων πολλοῦ τε ἐργασθέντος φόνου, ὡς καὶ τὰ ῥεῖθρα τῶν διὰ τοῦ πεδίου ποταμῶν ῥεόντων αἵματος πλεῖον ἢ ὕδατος κατάγειν ἐς θάλασσαν, τροπὴ τῶν ἀνατολικῶν γίνεται. ἐκβιασάμενοι δὲ αὐτοὺς οἱ Ἰλλυριοὶ τοὺς μὲν ἐς τὴν παρακειμένην θάλασσαν τιτρώσκοντες ἐξωθοῦσι, τοὺς δὲ φεύγοντας ἐπὶ τοὺς λόφους διώκοντες αὐτούς τε φονεύουσι καὶ πολύ τι πλῆθος ἄλλων ἀνθρώπων, ὅπερ ἔκ τε τῶν περικειμένων πόλεων καὶ ἀγρῶν ἤθροιστο, ὡς ἀπ᾿ ἀσφαλοῦς τοῦ τόπου τὰ γινόμενα θεάσοιντο.
     
    Translation :At sunrise the armies advanced to meet each other, urged on by their respective commanders. With fierce energy they fell upon each other, as though this was the contest to end all battles and fate was then and there making its choice of emperors. For a long time the contest raged with heavy loss of life. The rivers of the plain carried more blood than water down to the sea. And then the rout of the eastern forces began. Bursting through the line, the Illyrian troops forced some with heavy casualties into the sea that lay to the south. Others they pursued as fugitives up on to the ridges and there they slaughtered them and many others besides who had collected together from the surrounding towns and farms, expecting to view the battle from a safe spot.
     
    Edition :Herodian. History of the Empire, Volume I: Books 1-4. Translated by C. R. Whittaker. Loeb Classical Library 454. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1969.
    Herodian. History of the Empire, Volume II: Books 5-8. Translated by C. R. Whittaker. Loeb Classical Library 455. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.
     
     
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    Created at :2021-02-04 : 10:42:07
    Last changed :2021-02-07 : 11:20:20
    MyCoRe ID :Antiquity_violence_00007618
    Static URL :https://ml-s-eris.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/receive/Antiquity_violence_00007618