Object Metadata
Soldiers of Caracalla bury people of Alexandria and fellow soldiers alive in mass graves.

Related Conflict :Caracalla's massacre of the population of Alexandria
Perpetrator (Group) :
  • Roman Army of Caracalla Origin: Mixed, Age: adult, Activity: soldier
  •  
    Victim (Group) :
  • Roman Army of Caracalla Origin: Mixed, Age: adult, Activity: soldier, Direct Consequence: death
  • Population of Alexandria Origin: Mixed, Age: mixed, Activity: mixed, Direct Consequence: death
  •  
     
    Level :intersocial
    Source :Herodian, History of the Empire after Marcus Aurelius 4.9.6-8 Paste CTS-Link
    Location :Alexandreia (Alexandria)
    Time Periode :Roman Empire
    Century :A.D. 3
    Year :A.D. 215
     
    Context :ambush
    Motivation :following orders
    none/accident
    Application :burying alive
     
    Original Text :τῶν δὲ στρατιωτῶν οἱ μὲν ἐφόνευον οἱ δ᾿ ἔξωθεν ὤρυττον ὀρύγματα μέγιστα ἕλκοντές τε τοὺς πίπτοντας ἐνέβαλλον, πληροῦντες σωμάτων· καὶ τὴν γῆν ἐπιχέοντες μέγιστον ἤγειραν ταχέως πολυάνδριον. πολλοί τε καὶ ἡμιθνῆτες εἱλκύσθησαν, ἔτι τε ἄτρωτοι συνώσθησαν. ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ τῶν στρατιωτῶν οὐκ ὀλίγοι προσαπώλοντο· ὅσοι γὰρ ἔτι ἐμπνέοντες καὶ δυνάμεως μετρίως ἔχοντες συνωθοῦντο, περιπλεκόμενοι συγκαθεῖλκον αὐτούς.
     
    Translation :Some of the troops did the killing, while the rest outside the ring dug huge pits, to which they dragged the fallen and threw them in until they were filled with bodies. Earth was thrown on top of them and a vast communal burial mound quickly raised. Lots of people were half alive when they were dragged away, and unwounded men were forced into the grave along with the rest. Still worse, several soldiers lost their lives, because, when those who were still alive and fairly vigorous were being pushed into the pits, they pulled the soldiers in with them by hanging on to them.
     
    Edition :Herodian. History of the Empire, Volume I: Books 1-4. Translated by C. R. Whittaker. Loeb Classical Library 454. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1969.
    Herodian. History of the Empire, Volume II: Books 5-8. Translated by C. R. Whittaker. Loeb Classical Library 455. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.
     
     
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    Created at :2021-02-11 : 10:39:53
    Last changed :2021-03-04 : 07:39:13
    MyCoRe ID :Antiquity_violence_00007816
    Static URL :https://ml-s-eris.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/receive/Antiquity_violence_00007816