Object Metadata
The army of Verginius Rufus attacks and kills many of the army of Vindex, believing them to be enemies.

Perpetrator (Group) :
  • Roman Army of Nero Origin: Mixed, Age: adult, Activity: soldier, Reaction: attack
  •  
    Victim (Group) :
  • Roman Army of Galba Origin: Mixed, Age: adult, Activity: soldier, Reaction: confusion, Direct Consequence: death
  •  
    Third Party (Person) :
  • Lucius Verginius Rufus Origin: Roman, Age: adult, Activity: commander/general
  • Gaius Julius Vindex Origin: Aquitani/Aquitanian, Age: adult, Activity: commander/general, Reaction: grief
  •  
    Level :intrasocial
    Source :Lucius Cassius Dio, Roman History 63.24.3 Paste CTS-Link
    Location :Vesontio (Besançon)
    Time Periode :Roman Empire
    Century :A.D. 1
    Year :A.D. 68
     
    Context :siege
    ambush
    Motivation :tactical/strategical
    none/accident
    Long-Term Consequence :death
     
    Original Text :τοῦ δὲ Οὐίνδικος πρὸς βοήθειαν τῆς πόλεως ἀντεπιόντος αὐτῷ καὶ οὐ πόρρω στρατοπεδεύσαντος ἀντεπέστειλαν μὲν ἀλλήλοις τινά, καὶ τέλος καὶ ἐς λόγους ἦλθον μόνοι καὶ μηδενός σφισι τῶν ἄλλων παρόντος, καὶ κατὰ τοῦ Νέρωνος, ὡς εἰκάζετο, συνέθεντο πρὸς ἀλλήλους. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο ὁ Οὐίνδιξ ὥρμησε μετὰ τοῦ στρατοῦ ὡς τὴν πόλιν καταληψόμενος: καὶ αὐτοὺς οἱ τοῦ Ῥούφου στρατιῶται προσιόντας αἰσθόμενοι, καὶ νομίσαντες ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτοὺς ἄντικρυς χωρεῖν, ἀντεξώρμησαν αὐτοκέλευστοι, καὶ προσπεσόντες σφίσιν ἀπροσδοκήτοις τε καὶ ἀσυντάκτοις οὖσι παμπόλλους κατέκοψαν.
     
    Translation :But Vindex came to the aid of the city against him and encamped not far off, whereupon they sent messages back and forth to each other and finally held a conference by themselves at which no one else was present and came to a mutual agreement against Nero, as was conjectured. After this Vindex set out with his army ostensibly to occupy the town; and the soldiers of Rufus, becoming aware of their approach and thinking the force was marching straight against them, marched out in their turn, on their own initiative, and falling upon them while they were off their guard and in disarray, cut down great numbers of them.
     
    Edition :Dio's Roman History. Cassius Dio Cocceianus. Earnest Cary. Herbert Baldwin Foster. William Heinemann, Harvard University Press. London; New York. 1914-.
     
    Notes :For the previous siege, please refer to: "Verginius Rufus and his army lay siege to Vesontio." For the following suicide of Vindex, refer to: "Vindex commits suicide after his army took heavy losses."
     
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    Created at :2021-03-08 : 11:59:04
    Last changed :2021-03-12 : 02:51:05
    MyCoRe ID :Antiquity_violence_00008205
    Static URL :https://ml-s-eris.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/receive/Antiquity_violence_00008205