Object Metadata
Roman Army of Vespasian and its camp-followers kill many of the population of Cremona.

Related Conflict :Battle of Cremona, Year of the Four Emperors
Perpetrator (Group) :
  • Roman Army of Vespasian Origin: Mixed, Age: mixed, Activity: mixed
  •  
    Victim (Group) :
  • Population of Cremona Origin: Mixed, Age: mixed, Activity: mixed, Direct Consequence: death
  •  
    Third Party (Person) :
  • Marcus Antonius Primus Origin: Roman, Age: adult, Activity: commander/general, Reaction: doing nothing/standing by
  •  
    Level :intersocial
    Source :Cornelius Tacitus, Histories 3.33 Paste CTS-Link
    Location :Cremona (Cremona)
    Time Periode :Roman Empire
    Century :A.D. 1
    Year :A.D. 69
     
    Context :sack
    plunder
    Motivation :economical
    emotional
    Application :dragging over the ground
    rape
    Long-Term Consequence :destruction/devastation
    plunder
     
    Original Text :Quadraginta armatorum milia inrupere, calonum lixarumque amplior numerus et in libidinem ac saevitiam corruptior. non dignitas, non aetas protegebat quo minus stupra caedibus, caedes stupris miscerentur. grandaevos senes, exacta aetate feminas, vilis ad praedam, in ludibrium trahebant:
     
    Translation :Forty thousand armed men burst into Cremona, and with them a body of sutlers and camp-followers, yet more numerous and yet more abandoned to lust and cruelty. Neither age nor rank were any protection from indiscriminate slaughter and violation. Aged men and women past their prime, worthless as booty, were dragged about in wanton insult.
     
    Edition :Historiae. Cornelius Tacitus. Charles Dennis Fisher. Clarendon Press. Oxford. 1911.

    Complete Works of Tacitus. Tacitus. Alfred John Church. William Jackson Brodribb. Sara Bryant. edited for Perseus. New York. : Random House, Inc. Random House, Inc. 1873. reprinted 1942.
     
    Remark :thirdperson: The inaction of the generals, specifically Antonius Primus, who possibly by misinterpretation even encouraged the violence, isdescribed in Tac.Ann.3.32.
    Notes :For the accompanying plunder and individual acts of violence, please refer to the conflict: "Battle of Cremona."
     
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    Created at :2020-12-03 : 01:37:17
    Last changed :2020-12-07 : 11:02:41
    MyCoRe ID :Antiquity_violence_00006826
    Static URL :https://ml-s-eris.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/receive/Antiquity_violence_00006826